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| Registros recuperados: 13 | |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi. |
| This paper models the assimilation process of migrants and shows evidence of the complementarity between their destination experience and upon-arrival human capital. Bayesian learning and dynamics of matching are modeled and empirically assessed, using panel data of wages from the Bangkok labor market in Thailand. The analysis incorporates (1) the heterogeneity of technologies and products, characteristic of urban labor markets, (2) imperfect information on migrants' types and skill demanded in the markets, and (3) migrants' optimal learning over time. Returns to destination experience emerge endogenously. Estimation results, which control migrants' selectivity by first-differencing procedures, show that (1) schooling returns are lower for migrants than... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16385 |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi; Mishiyama, Shinichi. |
| To examine how local income distribution affects both a community’s ability to pay for schooling and the quality of that schooling, this research merges household and school census data from South Africa. Empirical results are twofold. First, while the median income and the average household income increase school fees, inequality in household income (standard deviation) decreases school fees, which indicates that the lower tail of income distribution pulls down school fees. Second, an increase in school fees significantly improves school quality, decreasing the learner-educator ratio and increasing the number of nonsubsidized educators. The result is consistent with (1) strategic behavior of the low-income group and (2) optimal school fee determination... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Local public goods; School finance; Willingness to pay; Human capital; South Africa; Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59286 |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi; Buthelezi, Thabani; Velia, Myriam. |
| This paper examines the impact of prime-age adult mortality on the transition from school to the labor market of adolescents and on decisions by female adults to participate in the labor force in South Africa. The analysis focuses on that period— 1998–2004—when South Africa experienced excess mortality due to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. We find, first, that deaths of prime-age adults significantly increase both male and female adolescents’ labor force participation because they stop their schooling in order to help support their families. Female school enrollment may also decrease because girls are required to stay at home to take care of the sick. Therefore, the total negative impact on schooling is larger among female adolescents than among male adolescents.... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Prime-age adult mortality; Schooling; Labor supply; Gender; South Africa; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55893 |
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| Ueyama, Mika; Yamauchi, Futoshi. |
| This paper examines the effect of AIDS-related mortality of the prime-age adult population on marriage behavior among women in Malawi. A rise in prime-age adult mortality increases risks associated with the search for a marriage partner in the marriage market. A possible behavioral change in the marriage market in response to an increase in prime-age adult mortality is for marriage to occur earlier to avoid women’s exposure to HIV/AIDS risks under the condition that the risks are higher during singlehood. We test this hypothesis using micro data from Malawi, where prime-age adult mortality has drastically increased. In the analysis, we estimate prime-age adult mortality that sample women have observed during the adolescent period by utilizing retrospective... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Marriage; Sexual behavior; Malawi; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42327 |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi. |
| The institution of marriage plays some role in determining one’s risk of exposure to HIV. Since the transmission of HIV in the population is mainly through sexual activity, avoiding infection depends on risk-avoiding behavior. Consistently, empirical results show that excess mortality is concentrated in not-yet married adults aged 20-39 among both men and women. Therefore, the choice of when and who to marry appears to be related to risk of exposure. The objective of this paper is to determine the effect that schooling has on HIV/AIDS excess mortality, using panel data from South Africa. This paper tests the hypothesis that schooling affects when and who one marries and thus impacts the risk of mortality from HIV/AIDS. The effect could be negative or... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Marriage; Schooling; Excess mortality; HIV/AIDS; South Africa; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42423 |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi; Tanabe, Sakiko. |
| This paper examines nonmarket interactions among migrants from same origins in the urban labor market of Bangkok, Thailand. We test whether the labor-market performance of previous migrants has externalities to that of new migrants who moved from the same province of origin. Our empirical results, which control origin fixed effects, time-fixed effects, and origin/year specific correlated shocks, show that (1) the relative size of the migrant population in the market decreases employment probabilities of new migrants (negative substitution effect), (2) the employment probability of previous migrants increases those of new migrants (positive externalities), and (3) when the employment probability of previous migrants approaches to unity, the size effect... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16398 |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi. |
| This paper examines dynamic changes in educational quality and equity differences in the public school system between Black and other racial groups in post-apartheid South Africa, using the ratio of learners to educators in each school, available from the School Register of Needs, 1996 and 2000. The analysis incorporates school-and community-level unobservables and the endogenous movement of learners. This paper shows that (1) the learner-educator ratios significantly differ between formerly Black and White primary and secondary schools in 1996 and 2000, and (2) in the adjustment of educators in response to changes in the number of learners in this period, there are significant differences between formerly Black and non-Black (White, Coloured, and Indian)... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Quality of education; Race; Apartheid; Education; Human capital; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60309 |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi. |
| This paper empirically identifies social learning and neighborhood effects in schooling investments in a new technology regime. The estimates of learning-investment rule from farm household panel data at the onset of the Green Revolution in India, show that (1) agents learn about schooling returns from income realizations of their neighbors and (2) schooling distribution of the parents’ generation in a community has externalities to schooling investments in children that are consistent with social learning. Simulations show that variations in schooling distributions within and across communities generate through social learning substantial variations in child enrollment rate and average household income. The results suggest that imperfect information... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Human capital; Social learning; Neighborhood effects; Income risk; Schooling distribution; Technical change; India; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59592 |
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| Registros recuperados: 13 | |
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